Том 56, № 1 (2025)

In the centre of consideration are speech parameters that allow determining the emotional state of the speaker, which determines the study of the parameters of sounding speech. The nature of changes in the features of sounding speech at the segmental and suprasegmental levels depending on the speaker's state is revealed. Besides, the article presents the data of the experimental research conducted to determine the degree of influence of mimic and gesticulation on the perception of speaker's emotionality. The data of the experimental research conducted to determine the state of speaker's mental activity and the impact of speech behavior on the listener's perception, as well as the data of the analysis of the correlation between the speaker's mental activity and the degree of expression of emotions in his speech are presented.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the anthroponym of the main character of the novel by N.S. Leskov "Bypassed" (1865) Ilya Makarovich Zhuravka. The ornithomorphic specificity of the anthroponym implements the mythologeme of the crane ‒ bird, which occupies a significant place in Russian and world culture. Zhuravka, a freelance artist, is a "free bird", distinguished by his special vision of the world, which in many ways brings him closer to the Leskov saints, who at the same time are not devoid of human vices. The considered anthroponym determines the course of the character's life and participates in the realization of the novel's ideological plan. The avian component of the artist's name is revealed through onyms of various types: anthroponyms, toponyms, ethnonyms, etc.

The three-part structure of the anthroponym, as well as its "bird" etymology, reflect the state of the Russian real name list, in which surnames with an ornithomorphic component make up the largest group. Similar surnames (Ptitsyn, Pisonsky, Pavlin, etc.) are found in many texts by N.S. Leskov, which suggests a special place for onyms with an ornithomorphic component in the onomastic fund of this writer. In his creative laboratory, N.S. Leskov adhered to the specifics of the Russian nominal tradition, weaving names into the fabric of a literary text in a special way.

The article examines the signs of speech behavior, on the basis of which a speech portrait of the speaker is formed. A brief history of the development of the concept of "speech portrait" and its differences from related concepts is presented: "linguistic personality", "idiosyncrasy", "speech characteristic", "speech personality", "communicative personality", etc. The article uses the characteristics of the types of higher nervous activity according to I.P. Pavlov, the description of temperament types using adjectives, presented by E.P. Ilyin, as well as the classification of basic emotions by K. Izard. To describe the speech portrait of a speaker by native speakers and identify signs of speech behavior, on the basis of which a speech portrait is created in the listener's perception, such methods as a psycholinguistic experiment, the method of acoustic speech analysis, and the method of mathematical calculation were used. A psycholinguistic experiment is described. The results obtained make it possible to describe the speaker's speech portrait and the speech features that influence the construction of the speaker's speech portrait in the listener's mind.

The article highlights the results of the analysis of the cognitive metaphor “train journey” included in the metaphorical model “journey as cognition”, as well as the identification of the ways of its linguistic actualization in a work of fiction. The author's understanding of metaphor as an element of consciousness, explanation of the mechanism of cognitive processes and their interaction allowed to reveal its potential. It is worth noting that the metaphor “train journey” is investigated in the context of game activity against the background of linguocreativity and language game. As a result of the analysis of the conceptual domain “train journey”, the parameters characterizing the conceptual domain “journey” were revealed. The potential of structuring the conceptual domain “journey” is used to identify the conceptual domain “journey as cognition”. It is concluded that the metaphor “train journey”, incorporated into the metaphorical model “journey as cognition”, is ambiguous, along with the modeling function, performing the cognitive operation of correlation of conceptual spheres and virtual worlds, plays a special role - it operates with hidden meanings, initiating cognitive operations of metaphorical and metonymic transfers, and acts as a means of communicative influence. The results obtained will be very useful in the study of cognitive metaphors, understanding their role, influence on language and thinking.

There is a tendency in Russian state policy that could be called “Turning to the East”. Studying cultural communication of Russia and Eastern countries is a challenge for Russian humanitarian sciences. One of the most revealing criteria of intercultural relations is natural language. The close interactions of different cultures are always reflected in the dictionary of the contacting languages in the form of a corpus of loanwords. Large glossaries with hundreds of borrowings have appeared in Russian as a result of connections with Western cultures. These glossaries simultaneously show a certain orientation of Russian culture in different periods of history. However, the influence of East Asian cultures, in particular Korean culture, is poorly represented in Russian. Until the twentieth century, Korea was seen in the Russian worldview as an insignificant periphery. The growth of borrowings from East Asian languages has just begun. The article examines three subject areas of borrowings from the Korean language, where language contacts are the closest.

This article examines the concept of carnivalization of advertising texts on the example of French and Russian. Taking into account M.M. Bakhtin's position that laughter acts as a form of the simplest communication, we attempt to describe the functions of the advertising text through the theory of carnivalization, which is manifested in the advertising texts through the use of such linguistic creativity techniques as allusions, occasionalisms, play on words, rhymed text and words from different languages to attract the attention of a potential buyer of a product or service. Modern advertising is often based on carnival elements, previously taboo elements, which we prove by analyzing the examples given in the article.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the names of German-language newspapers published in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg and Liechtenstein from the point of view of onomasiology. This study seems relevant to us because it allows us to identify commonalities and differences in the structure of German-language gemeronyms depending on the country of publication. At the same time, the onomasiological feature of the selected gemeronyms is considered in detail in terms of its syntax and vocabulary, the presence of borrowings and other aspects. The lexical composition of the onomasiological basis of German-language gemeronyms is also analyzed.

To overcome linguistic and cultural barriers and to make cross-cultural interactions effective and comprehensible, scholars conduct thorough analyses of communicative behavior in various speech situations, such as requests, gratitude, demands, or refusals. The latter, in our view, is one of the most interesting and ambiguous subjects of study. Refusal behavior increases the risk of deteriorating interpersonal relationships, has a negative impact on both parties in communication, and possesses a high degree of "conflict potential." The goal of any communicative interaction is to achieve the communicative objective with minimal emotional and status losses. This article presents an analysis of refusal strategies in the Chinese language. The study is based on the scientific method of discourse analysis of a language corpus obtained through an online survey of Chinese respondents. The results showed that survey participants prefer to use indirect speech acts as the primary strategy to maintain face, with social distance and hierarchy being significant factors influencing the choice of strategies. The findings may be useful in practical Chinese language classes and related subjects, such as translation, as well as in studies of Chinese language discourse.

The present article makes a comparison of collocations with the keywords пандемия, эпидемия, коронавирус, ковид, корона, covid as linguistic markers in media and network discourse in a diachronic perspective. The relevance of the work is conditioned by the purpose of comparing the national and regional media discourse, as well as network discourse related to the pandemic in the period 2020-2022. The study’s empirical material consists of high-frequency adjective collocates with the keywords related to the COVID-19 pandemic from both national and regional media sources. Additionally, the adjectives of the Social Networks Corpora of the Russian National Corpus in the period 2020-2022 was considered. The research methodologies employed include quantitative analysis, comparative analysis, and discourse analysis. We identified five categories of linguistic markers (epidemiological, temporal, locative and geographical markers, as well as expression markers) associated with certain characteristics of pandemic discourse. We also analyzed the dynamics of changes in both pandemic discourse in media and network discourse and the public’s perception of the pandemic phenomenon during this period. Empirical analysis reveals that epidemiological markers rank first in frequency and form the cognitive basis of pandemic topics in media discourse and social networks, a phenomenon that remains consistent over time. Temporal markers characterizing the present, future, and past are more diversely represented in the 2020 media compared to the 2021 media and social media corpus. Expression markers denoting a high degree of problem are represented extensively and diversely in pandemic discourse; however, the proportion of their use exhibits an annual decrease in the Media Сorpus, while it demonstrates an annual increase in the Social Networks Corpora. The Media Corpus, in general, underscores the variability of information flow associated with the event. It is noteworthy that the pandemic discourse has seen a steady decline in its level of attention over the years.

The study of participles is a pressing issue, since there is no consensus on the status of these words in the morphological system of the Russian language that would be fully substantiated and take into account the main aspects of the issue. The participle occupies a borderline position between an independent part of speech and a special form of the verb. This article is devoted to the functional and semantic features of the use of participles in the fiction of the Kursk writer K.D. Vorobyov. The article analyzes the features of participles, the methods of their formation, the frequency of use in the works of the Kursk writer. The material for the study was K.D. Vorobyov's stories "The Scream", "It's Us, Lord!", "Killed near Moscow" and the stories "The Road to the Father's House", "Ear Soup Without Salt".