No 9(890) (2024)

The author analyses the causes of the changes in the contents and the axiological component of the notions ‘native language’ and ‘native speaker’ in sociolinguistics in the 20-21 centuries. It is shown that in the epoch of mass migration the four basic criteria defining the native language (origin, competence, function, identification) often come in collision, which makes sociolinguists drop the prototypical models of the ‘native language’ and ‘native speaker, relying instead on models based on one criteria only.

In psycholinguistics, the analysis of associative fields (AP) of lexemes representing ethnonyms and basic values has become an effective way to study the representations of ethnic groups about themselves and other peoples. Swedish, Russian, German ethnonyms are analyzed, and the author establishes the actual content of heterostereotypes - the Swedes’ ideas about Russians and Germans, and also makes some observations about the content of the autostereotype of the Swedes.

The purpose of the article is a linguistic analysis of axiologeme words in ancient Chinese linguistic culture. The study is based on etymological, component and contextual analysis of lexicographic sources. The structure of hieroglyphs denoting ‘value’ contains graphemes that reflect ancient Chinese ideas about wealth: the presence of workers, land, tools and household items, houses, money, etc. Changing the structure of the hieroglyph-axiologeme leads to semantic shifts in lexical meaning from concrete to abstract. The modern understanding of ‘value’ in Chinese linguistic culture is based on ancient Chinese ideas reflected in the structure of hieroglyphs-axiologemes.

The article analyzes the specific means of representing the song discourse of the well-known French-speaking bard of Belgian origin, Jacques Brel. The scientific novelty of the research is expressed in the linguistic argumentative approach, which allows us to identify the markers that form the song discourse of the songwriter. It is concluded that the specificity of Jacques Brel’s song discourse is due to the following factors: a variety of topics, an ambivalent view of the world, inimitable artistic skill and an exciting voice, together creating a high argumentative potential of song discourse.

The article presents the results of the study of verbal aggression in the discourse of drama. The aim was to identify the linguistic means that mark verbal aggression whether directly or indirectly and to specify the cognitive mechanisms. Having analyzed two plays (Chekhov's “Uncle Vanya” and Sadur's “Ekhaj”) the author summarizes the linguistic markers of verbal aggression paying special attention to autoagression as well as gradation of verbal and non-verbal means used to realize this “anti-polite” speech strategy.

The article analyzes one of the approaches to the study of political speech (hereinafter PS), which investigates the variability of prosodic characteristics of PS depending on the social distance separating the politician and the audience. The author considers the relevance of the results obtained in these studies for examining and describing 1) PS as a result of synergetic interaction between oral and written forms of speech, and 2) prosody of the addressing as a strategic component of PS.

The article discusses studies devoted to the analysis of the vowel system of the modern Mongolian language, taking into account articulatory and acoustic phonetics. An important aspect of this work is the consideration of the dynamics of conceptual approaches to the development of vocalism. Particular attention is paid to how theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of vocalism have changed and developed over recent times.

The communicative and pragmatic components of interlanguage communication are closely linked to the translation theory concerns examined in this article, which deal with the transfer of culturally determined meanings. The author delves into the intricacies of cultural codes, the peculiarities of their identification and decoding of the cultural information contained in them. Cognitive, comparative, descriptive, and hypothetical-deductive approaches are the primary research techniques. The political discourse translation procedures served as the study material.

The authors consider aspects of modern translated video games, understood as a new type of polycode art through the use of achievements in neuroesthetics, history, folklore, cultural studies in virtual game universes and probabilistic forecasting of speech and behavioral profiles of video game users. The study is based on the analysis of translations of toponymic loci in a video game, special attention is paid to the specifics of translation depending on the country in which this game is distributed.

The first meeting of the characters of the novella by Henry James “Daisy Miller” takes place in the Swiss town of Vevey, the second one is in the “eternal city” of Rome. The art space in the novella is thus represented by two locations - Vevey and Rome. The resort town of Vevey is described as a picturesque area located on the shores of Lake Geneva at the foot of the mountain. Its connection with nature is emphasized. Rome is presented as a city with a history. The “Eternal City” with its ancient streets and parks, historical monuments reminiscent of its legendary past, cathedrals, triumphal arches and the Colosseum, although it does not, contrary to Daisy’s expectations, give the impression of a “dead city”, becomes her resting place. In addition to the geographical opposition, the novella implements the “cultural” opposition “periphery - centre”.

The article provides an analysis of Susan Langer's aesthetics of artistic symbols, examining the “theory of artistic illusion” as the main concepts of this author's aesthetic system. The results show that artistic symbols play an important role in the theme and shape of visual design of catering spaces. The author argues that the illusion of space as a special symbolic language transforms the restaurant interior from an ordinary functional space into a symbolic space.