2015 ¹3
GENETICS, BREEDING, STUDY OF VARIETIES
Abstract
Gorbacheva N. G. (2015): Microsporogenesis in hexaploid remote hybrid VCh-89-95-48 . Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 1-4. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/41.pdf
On the basis of analysis of microsporogenesis of hexaploid remote hybrid VCh-89-95-48 it has been determined that a percent of disorders varies from 13,5% to 56,3% depending on a stage of meiosis. Heterotypic division is characterized by a higher percent of disorders than homeotypic division. At the final stages of meiosis, sporades with abnormal number of microspores (dyads, triads, pentads and hexads) are formed besides correct tetrads (77,8%). The formation of dyads is evidence of ability of a hybrid to produce not only triploid pollen but also hexaploid pollen. High output of tetraploid hybrids should be expected when crossing hexaploids with diploids.
On the basis of analysis of microsporogenesis of hexaploid remote hybrid VCh-89-95-48 it has been determined that a percent of disorders varies from 13,5% to 56,3% depending on a stage of meiosis. Heterotypic division is characterized by a higher percent of disorders than homeotypic division. At the final stages of meiosis, sporades with abnormal number of microspores (dyads, triads, pentads and hexads) are formed besides correct tetrads (77,8%). The formation of dyads is evidence of ability of a hybrid to produce not only triploid pollen but also hexaploid pollen. High output of tetraploid hybrids should be expected when crossing hexaploids with diploids.
References
1. Dzhigadlo E.N., Sedysheva G.A., Golyaeva O.D., Batikov S.G. (1993): On possibility of using remote hybridization on cherry breeding for resistance to coccomyces. In: On possibility of using remote hybridization of polyploidy in fruit and berry breeding. Orel, VNIISPK. (in Russian).
2. Dzhigadlo E.N., Sedysheva G.A., Golyaeva O.D. (1992): Cytological and morphological estimation of remote hybrids of cherry. In: Scientific works of NIISPK. Orel, NIISPK: 104-111. (in Russian).
3. Topilskaya L.A., Luchnikova S.V., Chuvashina N.P. (1975): Study of currant somatic and meiotic chromosomes on acetohematoxylin squash preparations. In: Bulleten CGL im. I.V. Michurina, 22: 58-61. (in Russian).
2. Dzhigadlo E.N., Sedysheva G.A., Golyaeva O.D. (1992): Cytological and morphological estimation of remote hybrids of cherry. In: Scientific works of NIISPK. Orel, NIISPK: 104-111. (in Russian).
3. Topilskaya L.A., Luchnikova S.V., Chuvashina N.P. (1975): Study of currant somatic and meiotic chromosomes on acetohematoxylin squash preparations. In: Bulleten CGL im. I.V. Michurina, 22: 58-61. (in Russian).
Abstract
Guseva N. K. (2015): The main components of the productivity of black currants and especially their inheritance in the offspring. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 5-9. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/42.pdf
The article presents a selection estimation of the productivity components of hybrids of black currants in a Trans-Baikal. The hybrid offspring of the parental forms obtained by intervarietal inside and interspecific crosses with the descendants of European and Siberian subspecies of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), spruce grouse currant (R. dicusha Fisch). From hybrid funds allocated valuable genetic sources and donors separate economic valuable attributes for future breeding and elite forms perspective for the amateur and commercial cultivation.
References
1. Batueva Y. M. (2015): Self-pollination and crosspollination of apple kinds regionalized in Buryatia. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 1: 8-13 Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/1/2.pdf. (in Russian).
2. Guseva N.K. (2009): Self-pollination of Buryat kinds of black currant. In: Conception and technology of agriculture in arid zone of Altai-Sayan subregion, Abakan: 79-82. (in Russian).
3. Knyazev S.D., Ogoltsova T.P. (2004): Black currant breeding at present. Orel, OrelGAU. (in Russian).
4. Guseva N.K., Batueva Yu.M., Budaeva N.A., Togmitova V.W. (2015): Evaluation of Newly-developed Blackcurrant Cultivars in Dry Zone of Buryatia. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 12(2): 1787-1795. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1843
5. Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. (1995): Sedov E.N. (ed.). Orel, VNIISPK. (in Russian).
6. Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. (1999): Sedov E.N. (ed.). Orel, VNIISPK. (in Russian).
Abstract
Gruner L.A., Kuleshova O.V. (2015): Research directions and prospects of blackberry cultivation in conditions of Orel region. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 10-16. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/43.pdf
Priority directions of blackberry studies in conditions of Orel region have been determined. They intend to select cultivars accessions with high frost and cold hardiness, early fruiting, early and simultaneous ripening of berries, high autogamy, habit suitable for formation and covering, early vegetation completing, thornless and quite vigorous shoots, good annual shoot formation, disease resistance, steady high yields, large size of fruit, small seeds, high taste qualities of berries, high content of the most important biochemical components and good transportability of fruit. Preliminary results of study of 20 blackberry accessions have been obtained. These accessions have different shoot growth forms and are considered to be promising for cultivation with winter covering in conditions of Orel region. It is shown that high frost and cold hardiness, a short period of vegetation and early ripening are priority directions of blackberry breeding for growing without covering in this region.
References
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3. Gruner L. A., Kuleshova O. V. (2014): Vegetation length and dynamics of blackberry shoot growth in conditions of Orel region. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 4: 42-49. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2014/4/56.pdf. (in Russian).
4. Kazakov I.V., Kichina V.V., Gruner L.A. (1999): Raspberries, blackberries and their hybrids. In: Sedov E.N. (ed.) Program and methods of variety investigation of fruit, berry and nut crops. VNIISPK, Orel: 383-385. (in Russian).
5. Kichina V.V., Kazakov I.V., Gruner L.A. (1995): Raspberry and blackberry breeding. Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut breeding. In: Sedov E.N. (ed.) Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. Orel, VNIISPK: 368-386. (in Russian).
6. Finn C.E, Strik B.C. (2014): Blackberry Cultivars for Oregon. Available at: http://berrygrape.org/files/caneberries/blackberry_cultivars.pdf.
7. Strik B. C., Finn C. E. (2011): Blackberry Productions Systems – a Worldwide Perspective. In: Proc. Xth Intl. Rubus and Ribes Symp. Acta Hortic. 946, 341-347. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.56
8. Strik B.C., Finn C.E., Clark J.R., Pilar Bañados M. (2008): Worldwide Production of Blackberries. In: Proc. IXth Intl. Rubus and Ribes Symp. Acta Hortic. 777, 209-218 DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.777.31
Abstract
Panteleeva E.I., Pugach V.A. (2015): Breeding of male varieties of sea buckthorn. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 17-25. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/44.pdf
Male varieties Gnom and Aley had been selected and included to State Register. Flowering buds of both varieties are winter resistant (percentage of survived buds more than 76%), that results in high level of flower abundance (5.0 points). Pollen viability of diploid varieties is higher (62.9%) compare to triploid one, as well as pollen grains are more equal in shape. Influence of period of flowering of male and female plants on fruits set has been registered. Productivity of Prevoskhodnaya, Chuyskaya and Altayskaya varieties varies in the range of 50% depending on male variety.
References
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PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF FRUIT CROPS
Abstract
Golyshkina L.V., Krasova N.G., Galasheva A.M., Golyshkin L.V. (2015): The activity change of antioxidant ferment systems and peroxide oxidation of lipids in tissues of the developing ovary under the effect of low temperature in spring. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 26-36. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/45.pdf
The low temperature effect (-3‚5°C during 1,5 hour) on the activity of some antioxidant ferments and content of free proline, malone dialdehyde was studied in five apple varieties differing in ploidy from the VNIISPK collection: Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Imrus, Sinap Orlovsky, Rozhdestvenskoye and Yubilar during spring vegetation (in May). The study was fulfilled in dynamics in ovaries and fruits according to five phases from flower buds with weakly pulled out petals to a developing fruit, up to 3 gram in weight.
The investigations demonstrated that the varieties differed in ferment activity (superoxiddismutase, catalase and total peroxidase) and content of free proline, malone dialdehyde. The activity of peroxidase and catalase under the stress was displayed differently in studied varieties according to phases: in some varieties by higher activity at the phase of pulled out petals or lower activity at the phase of opened flowers after fertilization but sharp increase of peroxidase activity in Jubilar at the same phase. The catalase activity in all the studied varieties was higher in the developing embryos than in flower buds. The determination of superoxiddismutase activity showed insignificant variations within varieties under -3‚5°C during 1,5 hour. The same picture was displayed in the content of free proline. A sharp reduce of its concentration was noted in the developing fruit in all studied varieties. The content of malone dialdehyde changed towards the increase under the stress in phases of colored flower buds and opened flowers after fertilization. Triploid Jubilar actively responded to a temperature stress. Thus, the reaction of systems providing the protection against the effect of low temperatures in the studied apple varieties was different. The level of ferment activity and content of the studied metabolites depended on the apple variety and phase of ovary development.References
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Abstract
Prudnikov P.S., Gulyaeva A.A. (2015): Features of hyperthermia effect on hormonal system and antioxidant status of Prunus Cerasus L. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 37-44. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/46.pdf
The article discusses the features of hyperthermia effect on the Prunus Cerasus L. hormonal system and antioxidant system after the example of Orlytza apricot developed at the All Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. It is shown that under high temperatures the accumulation of abscisic acid is enhanced in plant leaves and the level of indole-acetic acid is reduced. The specific change of the phytohormone content promotes the accumulation and activation of both macromolecular antioxidants and low molecular antioxidants. It has been determined that the activity of such antioxidants as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase is significantly increased under the hyperthermia effect as well as the content of proline becomes higher. The development of lipid peroxidation of membrane lipids is observed to be lowed on the background of changes in hormonal and antioxidant systems.
References
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Abstract
Ozherelieva Z.E., Guliaeva A.A. (2015): Frost effect on resistance of cherry generative organs during flourification. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 45-51. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/3/47.pdf
The researches were performed in the laboratory of resistance physiology of fruit crops at the All Russian research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) in 2014…2015. Cherry cultivars developed at the VNIISPK were investigated. The resistance of cherry cultivars to spring frosts was determined by artificial freezing. Early in May, -2°C and -3°C frosts were modeled in a climatic chamber. It was determined that in flower buds and opened flowers the pistils perished from the frost while stamens remained undamaged. The resistance of generative organs in cherry cultivars studied to spring frost was identified as -2°C. Further temperature lowering intensified the damages of flowers and flower buds. The experiment allowed revealing the largest biological potential of resistance to spring frosts in Konkurentka and Shokoladnitsa.
References
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PROCESSING AND STORAGE OF FRUIT AND BERRY CROPS
Abstract
Salina E.S., Levgerova N.S., Sidorova I.A. (2015): The effect of phenolic compounds on consumer qualities of black currant jam. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 52-56. Available at:
The influence of anthocyan and catechin contents on the organoleptic characteristics of jam was studied in 25 black currant genotypes. It was determined that in spite of the reliable dependence between the anthocyans content and estimation of jam appearance (r = +0.22*) there was just only a tendency of mark increase for appearance owing to higher content of anthocyans in jam since a value of the correlation coefficient was not large. There was a lack of reliable correlation between the catechin content in jam and taste estimation (r = +0.14). Besides catechin, the proportion of sugar and acid greatly influenced on jam taste.
References
1. Levgerova N.S. (2009): Scientific substantiation of raw-stuff orchard creation on a genetic potential basis of fruit crops [Agric. Sci. Doctoral Thesis]. Orel, Orel State Agrarian University. (in Russian).
2. Levgerova N.S., Leonchenko V.G. (1999): Technological evaluation of cultivars. In: Sedov E.N. (ed.) Program and methods of variety trials of fruit, berry and nut crops. Orel, VNIISPK: 168-178. (in Russian).
3. Methodical regulations on chemical and technological variety investigation of vegetable, fruit and berry crops for canning industry (1993). Moscow. (in Russian).
4. Lobanov G.A. (ed.) (1973): Program and methods of variety trials of fruit, berry and nut crops. Michurinsk, VNIIS. (in Russian).
5. Skorikova Yu.G. (1973): Polyphenolics of fruits and berries and flower formation of products. Moscow, – Ì.: Pishchevaya promyshlennost. (in Russian).
6. Upadyshev M.T. (2008): A role of phenolic compounds in the processes of vital activity of orchard plants. Moscow, Publishing House MSP. (in Russian).
7. Oszmianski J. Effects of Blackcurrant and Apple Mash Blending on the Phenolics Contents, Antioxidant Capacity, and Colour of Juices / J.Oszmianski, A.Woidylo // Czech Journal of Food Sciences (CJFS). – Vol. 27, 2009. – No. 5. – p. 338–351.
8. Vagiri M.R. Phenolic Compounds and Ascorbic Acid in Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.) / Michael Rajeev Vagiri // Doctoral Thesis. – Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences: Alnarp. – 2014. – 68 p.
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Abstract
Tashmatova L.V., Dzhafarova V.E., Matzneva O.V. (2015): Biotechnology method application in horticulture. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 57-61. Available at:
The application of biotechnological methods in the up-to-date horticulture is under consideration. The peculiarities of the micro propagation of pome and berry crops are described relative to genetic features and nutrient medium composition. Principal possibility of using such methods as polyploidization in vitro conditions, callusogenesis and morphogenesis, embryo culture and collection creation of valuable forms is shown.
References
1. Belyakova L.V., Vysotskiy V.A., Alekseenko L.V. (2011): Eliciters application in clonal micropropagation of strawberry. Plodovodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii (Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia), 26: 194-200. (in Russian).
2. Vysotskiy V.A. (2011): Biotechnological methods in up-to-date gardening. Sadovodstvo i vinogradarstvo (Horticulture and viticulture), 26: 3-10. (in Russian).
3. Dzhafarova V.E., Tashmatova L.V. (2010): Biotechnological methods in fruit breeding of VNIISPK. In: Improvement of assortment and cultivation technologies of fruit crops. Orel, VNIISPK: 70-72. (in Russian).
4. Dzhafarova V.E., Golyshkin L.V., Dolmatov E.A., Tashmatova L.V. (2013): Some feauters of apomictic plants Pyrus communis × Chaenomelis japonica in vitro conditions. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 1. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2013/1/56.pdf. (in Russian).
5. Dzafarova V.E. (2015): Estimation of propagation and inducing of polyploidy meristem and selections of Malus domestica Borkh. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 1: 93-99. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/1/13.pdf. (in Russian).
6. Mariyakhina I.Ya., Polumordvinova I.V., Kokoreva V.A., Lukonina E.I. (1986): Biotechnology of obtaining fertile forms of interspecific onion hybrids on the basis of polyploidization in vitro. In: State and prospects of the development of agricultural biotechnology. Moscow: 86-91. (in Russian).
7. Matushkina O.V., Pronina I.N. (2008): Technology of clonal apple and pear micropropagation (methodical recommendations). Michurinsk-naukograd RF, VSTISP. (in Russian).
8. Savelev N.I., Oleynikova O.Ya., Van-Unkan N.Yu. (2011): Callogenesis and morphogenesis in fruit plant anthers in vitro. Plodovodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii (Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia), 26: 262 - 268. (in Russian).
9. Tashmatova L.V., Dzhafarova V.E. (2010): A method of pear grafting with microshoots in vitro. In: Improvement of assortment and cultivation technologies of fruit crops. Orel, VNIISPK: 228-229. (in Russian).
10. Tashmatova L.V. (2011): Continuous conservation of test-tubed plants of pear. Ñàäiâíèöòâî (Horticulture), 64. (in Russian).
11. Tashmatova L.V. Pear propagation and deposition in vitro. Plodovodstvo i yagodovodstvo Rossii (Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia), 26: 130-137. (in Russian).
12. Tashmatova L.V. (2013): Pear rooting and adaptation in culture in vitro. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 1. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2013/1/60.pdf. (in Russian).
13. Tashmatova L.V. (2013): Optimization of stages of pear clonal micropropagation. In: Selection, genetics and variety agrotechnics of fruit crop. Orel, VNIISPK: 53-60. (in Russian).
14. Tashmatova L.V., Gruner L.A., Matzneva O.V. (2014): Features of micro propagation of blackberries having different types of growth. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 4. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2014/4/58.pdf. (in Russian).
Abstract
Dzhafarova V.E. (2015): Colchicine treatment of germinated seeds of apple (Malus domestica Borkh). Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 62-69. Available at:
The results of colchicine treatment of apple germinated seeds are presented. The seeds of a series of apple cultivars obtained from open pollination were studied. The colchicine treatment of germinated seeds was carried out for the purpose of obtaining polyploidy plants. A spectrum of colchicine concentrations was empirically selected.
It was determined that greater colchicine concentration reduced a number of viable germinated seeds. Probably, high concentrations of colchicine blocked mitosis in rootlets to a greater degree.
Germinated seeds differently responded to colchicine owing to their unequal susceptibility to that antimitotic agent.
The sowing process of treated germinated seeds in vitro clearly demonstrated what happened with them after sowing out into the ground.
Only just 125 viable plants were grown from 840 germinated seeds treated with colchicine. 16 of them were attributed to polyploids according to their morphological traits.
References
1. Azarova A.B., Lebedev V.G., Baranov O.Yu., Padutov V.E., Shestibratov K.A. (2013): Selection of conditions for obtaining polyploid forms of forest leaf-bearing species in vitro. In: Proc. Int. Conf. Cell biology and biotechnology of plants. Minsk, The Belarusian State University, Feb. 12-13 2013. Available at: elib.bsu.by./handle/123456789/34911. (in Russian).
2. Baranov P.A., Matveeva T.S. (1962): Polyploidy importance in experimental botany. In: Polyploidy in plants. Ìoscow, AN SSSR: 11-20. (in Russian).
3. Bavtuto G.A. (1981): Creation of initial breeding apple material by means of induced polyploidy. In: Apple breeding in the USSR. Orel, NIISPK: 186-191. (in Russian).
4. Breslavets L.P. (1962): Polyploidy importance in changing traits in plants. In: Polyploidy in plants. Ìoscow, AN SSSR: 21-32. (in Russian).
5. Dzafarova V.E. (2015): Estimation of propagation and inducing of polyploidy meristem and selections of Malus domestica Borkh. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 1: 93-99. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2015/1/13.pdf. (in Russian).
6. Eremin G.V., Kovaleva V.V. (1993): Use of induced polyploids of fruit stone plants as an initial material for breeding. In: Remote hybridization and polyploidy in fruit and berry breeding. Orel, VNIISPK: 19. (in Russian).
7. Koltsov N.K. (1939): Approaching to methods of artificial rousing of polyploidy by colchicines. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences), 23(5): 481-484. (in Russian).
8. Kopan V.P., Kopan K.N., Yareshchenko A.N., Kozulina Yu.B., Grebenyuk S.I., Korkhovoi V.I. (2003): Oligogenic breeding is a way of purposeful solving of breeding programs in fruit-growing. In: A role of varieties and new technologies in the intensive horticulture. Orel, VNIISPK: 167-169. (in Russian).
9. Korkhovii V.I. (2005): Obtaining transgenic apple plants by genetic transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens [Biol. Sci. Cand. Thesis]. Kiev, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering. (in Ukranian).
10. Liznev V.N. (1975): Experimental polyploidy in apple. In: Proc. I.V. Michurin Novosibirsk Zonal Fruit and Small Fruit Experimental Station. Novosibirsk, 2: 3-9. (in Russian).
11. Liznev V.N. (1985): Creation of induced tetraploids and apple breeding on a polyploidy level. In: Apple breeding for fruit quality improvement. Orel, NIISPK: 179-184. (in Russian).
12. Rybin V.A. (1967): Cytological method in fruit breeding. Moscow, Kolos. (in Russian).
13. Sankin L.S., Firsova T.P. Tetraploid genotypes of gooseberry. In: Cytology and genetics of cultivated plants. Novosibirsk, Nauka: 76-80. (in Russian).
14. Sedov E.N., Sedysheva G.A. (1985): A role of polyploidy in apple breeding. Tula, Priokskoe knizhnoe izdatelstvo. (in Russian).
15. Sedov E.N. Major trends of apple breeding. Plodoovoshchnoe khozyaistvo, 1: 40-42. (in Russian).
16. Sedysheva G.A., Sedov E.N. (1994): Polyploidy and apple breeding. Orel, VNIISPK. (in Russian).
17. Chuvashina P.N. (1971): Study of induced currant polyploids. Trudy CGL im. I. V. Michurina (Proceedings of I.V. Michurina Central Genetic Laboratory), 12: 156-172. (in Russian).
18. Shcherbakov V.K. (1962): Methods of the experimental obtaining of polyploids in plants. In: Proceedings of MOIP: Polyploidy in plants, 5: 110-120. (in Russian).
19. Murashige T., Skoog F. (1962): À revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant., 15(13): 473-497.
20. Singh, R., & Wafai, B. A. (1984): Intravarietal polyploidy in the apple (Malus pumila Mill.) cultivar Hazratbali. Euphytica, 33(1): 209-214. DOI: 10.1007/BF00022767
AGROCHEMISTRY
Abstract
Leonicheva E.V., Roeva T.A., Leonteva L.I., Vetrova O.A. (2015): Peculiarities of agrochemical features of dark-grey forest soil in garden agrocenosis. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 70-75. Available at:
The influence of the relief and the orchard groundcover management systems on the soil chemical parameters was studied in the rows and row-spacing of the 20-year-old orchard under soil-and-climatic conditions of the southern Nechernozem zone.
It is shown that in the 20-year-old orchard on semi-dwarf intercalary stocks the row-spacing is a zone of the most intensive consumption of phosphorus and potassium. This is greatly displayed when the row-spacing soil lie autumn fallow. Herbs cover creation in row-spacing smoothes over differences in profile distribution of nutrient elements. Probably, it happens due to additional quantities of organic elements that fall into the soil under regular grass mowing in the row-spacing.
References
1. Kondakov A.K. (2007): Fertilizing of fruit trees, berry plants, nurseries and ornamental crops. Michurinsk, VNIIS. (in Russian).
2. Practice work on agrochemistry (2001): V.G. Mineyev (ed.). Moscow, MGU. (in Russian).
3. Trunov Yu.V. (2010): Mineral nutrition and fertilizing of apple trees. Michurinsk, VNIIS. (in Russian).
4. Fomenko T.G., Popova V.P., Pestova N.G., Chernikov E.A. (2014): Metodical approaches of estimation of parameters of soil fertility of garden fertilizer is applied locally using the cenosis and irrigation. Nauchnye trudy SKZNIISiV (Scientific publications of FSBSO NCRRIH&V), 6: 38-44. (in Russian).
5. Goh K.M., Pearson D.R., Daly M.J., (2001): Effects of apple orchard production systems on some important soil physical, chemical and biological quality parameters. Biological agriculture & horticulture, 18(3): 269-292. DOI:10.1080/01448765.2001.9754889
ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE
Abstract
Emelyanova O.Yu., Masalova L.I., Firsov A.N. (2015): The evaluation of the gene pool of coniferous plants of arboretum of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK). Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 3: 76-81. Available at:
The coniferous plants are widely used in green building. However, not all their shapes and forms possess sufficient resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The purpose of this work is to identify highly resistant species and decorative forms of conifers of arboretum at the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. Currently, 57 types and forms of conifers grow in the collection. 13 species and forms growing in the arboretum of our institute were selected as the objects of study. According to our research Juniperus sabina f. tamariscifolia Ait. and Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc. are the most resistant ones to pests and diseases. The most ornamental of these are Juniperus sabina f. tamariscifolia Ait., Pinus ðåuñå Gris., Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc. and Taxus baccata L. Their decorative qualities are maintained throughout the year in the absence of signs of aging. Taking into account all the studied factors in the experiment 3 species of coniferous plants are the most promising. They are Juniperus sabina f. tamariscifolia Ait., Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc. and Pinus ðåuñå Gris. These types can be recommended for use in green building in Central Russia.
References
1. Golovach A.G. (1980): Trees, shrubs and lianas of the Botany Garden of the USSR. Leningrad, Nauka. (in Russian).
2. Dubovitskaya O.Yu. (2014): Collection of herbal introducing plants of VNIISPK arboretum as a source of diversity of species for planting of greenery in settlements. In: Proc. Conf. Urgency of V.N. Khitrovos ideas in the investigation of biological diversity in Russia, Orel, Sept. 18-20, 2014: 60-63. (in Russian).
3. Dubovitskaya O.Yu., Masalova L.I. (2013): Prospects for expanding sustainable range of woody plants for landscape construction using exotic species of North American. Sovremennoe sadovodstvo – Contemporary horticulture, 4. Available at: http://journal.vniispk.ru/pdf/2013/4/10.pdf. (in Russian).
4. Tamberg T.G., Ulyanova T.N. (1969): Methodical regulations on studying collection of ornamental plants. Leningrad, N.I.Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry. (in Russian).
5. Yurova G.S. Coniferous plants – to gardens and parks of Nechernozemie. In: Breeding, variety investigation, agrotechnics of fruit and berry crops, 10(2): 50-57. (in Russian).
6. Yurova G.S., Kalinicheva L.N. (1992): Promising species of coniferous plants for planting of greenery in settlements. In: Breeding and variety investigation of horticultural crops. Orel, VNIISPK: 136-148. (in Russian).